the importance of integrating the voice of the customer into all decisions under the concept of Quality Function Deployment (QFD).

When deciding whether to invest in a certain product, a company can learn about the preferences of the customer via the voice of the customer method.

On the other hand, quality function design is a method for directing the plan, manufacturing, and marketing by including the customer's voice in every decision-making process (Zaim et al. 2014). Companies combine this view with QFD to develop a product that shall persuade the consumer’s needs at the best possible while still keeping down the development cycle time as well as a cost which is essential to any advancing business.

Describe service process design and the service encounter design.

The Service process is preparing as well as organizing people and communication. Also, it coordinates the services substructure and material aspects to increase the quality as well as the interrelation between the service provider and customer. Service encounter design is an ongoing unraveling of complex function encounters over time in a series steps or incidents that generate value for the customers. In this model, the relationship between customers and workers has an essential emphasis on the interpersonal and bodily range of experience.

What is Design for Reliability (DFR)? Why is reliability important? Describe series and parallel systems?

DFR is a process describing all set of tools supporting the product design from concept stage to the obsolescence (Kapur & Pecht, 2014). What the importance of this method is that it attempts to identify and also prevent design issues earlier before the product reaches the customer. It brings reliability and can open opportunities for companies desiring to go beyond securing a basic offering to the marketplace. It is also critical in price controls and product differentiation.

Describe Throughput and explain why the identification and elimination of bottlenecks are key to improving productivity

Throughput is a technique used to measure performance, and also it guides management decisions. The bottleneck determines the throughput of all systems; bottleneck also referred as a constraint. Its identification and elimination would result in increased throughput efficiency by allowing one to determine the position where accumulation has occurred.

References

Kapur, K. C., & Pecht, M. (2014). Reliability engineering. John Wiley & Sons.

Zaim, S., Sevkli, M., Camgöz-Akdağ, H., Demirel, O. F., Yayla, A. Y., & Delen, D. (2014). Use of ANP weighted crisp and fuzzy QFD for product development. Expert Systems with Applications, 41(9), 4464-4474.