Analysis of the Results of Experiment One

In this lab, an experiment was performed with the primary purpose of analyzing the results with the aim of better understanding the scientific method’s steps. Chemistry’s fundamental knowledge is always necessary for the development of a meaningful understanding of biology. Both organic and inorganic acids are made of nature (Münch and Greenfield 24).

Materials and Methods

In procedure one, 250 ml of distilled water was poured into a 500 ml beaker. Afterward, a small quantity of baking soda was added to the water after which it was stirred with a string rod. At this point, a small amount of phenolphthalein was added to the solution. The solution's color was then observed.

In experiment two, the materials used for measuring the pH value included the paper, meter, as well as substances for investigation. In the third procedure, a standard for comparison was established by placing seven labeled test tubes in a rack.

Results

Table 1: Standard Solution’s Color in Purple Cabbage Juice Extract

pH

Substance

Color

2

2

yellow

4

4

Yellow

6

6

Yellow

7

7

Yellow

8

8

Blue-green

10

10

Blue-green

12

12

Blue-green

Table 2: Changes of Color in Purple Cabbage Juice and their respective pH value

Well number

Substance

Color change

pH paper value

1

Twist-up

Brown yellow

6

2

Mr. Clean

Blue-green

10

3

Lemon juice

Yellow-orange

5

4

Milk of magnesium

Blue brown

9

5

Diet Coke

Orange

6

6

coffee

Red-brown

7

7

Milk

Cream

7

8

Lime water

Green

12

9

Ammonia

Brown green

10

10

White vinegar

Yellow-orange

2

11

Unknown substance

Brown green

Discussion

A scale of pH ranges from 0 to 14. The acidic solution is the one with pH that is less than 7. Any pH higher than 7 is basic. Also, a neutral substance is one with a pH value of 7 (Münch and Greenfield 29). After adding a small amount of phenolphthalein to the solution, the color changed to pink. Also, the solution was clear when straw was blown steadily. Carbon dioxide was also observed to mix with the solution to turn it clear.

Conclusion

The lab achieved the goal of analyzing the pH results of different materials. Probably, the hydrogen (pH) scale’s potential is the most commonly used method for measuring the substance’s basic or acidic nature.

Work Cited

Münch, Elisabeth v., and Paul F. Greenfield. "Estimating VFA Concentrations in Pre-fermenters by measuring pH." Water Research, vol. 32, no. 8, 1998, pp. 24-31. Elsevier BV, doi: 10.1016/s0043-1354(97)00469-7.