African American Culture

1.1 Purpose of Project Management Plan

Project Management Plan (PMP) is an official document written for approval of new projects by the government authorities. PMP is written before construction of certain projects that are likely to cause impact to the environment and to the society either during the construction phase or during implementation phase of the project. A project management plan consists of information written on the activities of an action plan during the project process. The document is composed of the impacts of the project, estimated budget, timeframe and the mitigation practices of the adverse effects (Meredith and Mantel 2011, p.12).

It is crucial for all projects whether small or big to have a management plan before construction. The PMP helps construction managers to take control of all project activities to reduce unpredictable lousy impacts. A national museum is an institution in which materials and artifacts of historical, scientific and cultural are stored for display and exhibition (Arch daily 2018, n.p). Establishment of museums involves activities that affect not only the environmental but also has great effect on the society. This PMP concentrates on management of construction of National Museum of African American History and Culture.

Executive Summary

Project Management Plan (PMP) is an official document written for approval of new projects by the government authorities. PMP is written before construction of certain projects that are likely to cause impact to the environment and to the society either during the construction phase or during implementation phase of the project. The PMP helps construction managers to take control of all project activities to reduce unpredictable lousy impacts (Meredith and Mantel 2011, p.12). This project management plan is focused on the establishment of National Museum of African American History and Culture.

1.2 Assumption and Constraints

A national museum is an institution in which materials and artifacts of historical, scientific and cultural are stored for display and exhibition. For centuries Africans have migrated to America in search of education and employment. However, Americans are not pleased with the invasion of other people in their homeland. Africans among other immigrants in America seem to be unappreciated in the states. Most immigrants face racial and ethnic discrimination. Some undergo acculturative stress due to change their cultural actives to fit in the American culture. It is important for people to realize the importance of embracing a variety of cultures by learning different cultural activities. The National Museum to be constructed is interested preserving the history and in educating people on African American culture (Library, si. Edu 2018, n.p).

Scope Management

For proper management of the scope in a PMP, it is important for project managers to concentrate on particular project factors such as goals, tasks, deadlines and features (Schwable 2013, p. 184). Planning before execution of the project allows project proponents to be familiar with likely impacts of constructions. Therefore, finding mitigation for the environmental and social impacts of the project. Environmental and social impact assessment done for all constructions helps in assessing favorable and unfavorable factors of the project. The process will result in a preferred alternative package that further details the project’s scope. The project team will approve any changes to the project’s scope.  

1.3 Work Breakdown Structure

Work breakdown structure enables construction managers to get details on each activity that will occur during construction and implementation face of a proposed project. The specific actions of a project must be performed as recommended in a PMP for successful completion of the proposed project. Project managers are aware of the importance of work breakdown structure to avoid poor establishment of buildings. Despite proper planning in PMPs, weak breakdown helps reduce workloads to the project proponent ensuring all activities go as planned (Shelly et al. 2008, p.2). Development of proposed National Museum of African American History and culture involves a wide range of plans which will be categorized. Work will be broken down in specific sections and tasks appointed to experts in the different sectors. The museum focuses in storage of artistic and non-fiction materials related to African American culture.

1.4 Deployment Plan

Deployments plans provide step-by-step guidelines on activities that required to take a project to its final stages to move it into provision of goods and services to people (Salah et al. 2010, p. 260 -263). Deployment plan must be highly detailed and include all fact no matter how small. The deployment plan will involve collection of important historical information and items to be displayed in the museum. The project proponent emphasizes on the establishment of the museum to help preserve African culture. Thought of the project owner is that construction of the museum will give people knowledge of African culture and its importance in the United States. All management activities for museum revolve around the construction, collection of historical evidence and preservation of materials to be exhibited (Arch Daily 2018, n.p).

Change Control Management

Usually, execution of projects sometimes gets disrupted due to improper planning and underestimation of project activities. However, the most important thing is ensuring that the suggested changes are well managed to keep the project back on track, in relation to its scope (Kerans 2014, p. 87). The construction of a national museum involves activities that affect both the environment and the society. Therefore, public opinion is crucial before approval of the construction. Apart from that, the proposed national museum focuses in storing African culture which is not a dominant population in the states. The public is likely to reject development of the building. Changes of the construction and implementation phases will be made after taking into consideration of all the opinions of the American people.

Schedule and Time Management

The schedules and timeframe set aside for all developments are essential for completion and the attainment of project objectives within a specified period. All activities should be covered within a particular time. The appropriate timeframe for the proposed project is provided in this chapter.

1.5 5.1 MILESTONES

Table 1: shows the list of milestones with approximated completion period

Milestone

Approximated Completion Period.

Environmental and social impact assessment

January 2018 – July 2018

National consent of museum in the United States

August 2018 – September 2018

Design and Mitigation stage

October 2018 – February 2019

Construction phase

Not later than 2022

5.2 PROJECT SCHEDULE

Phase

DESCRIPTION

Timeline

Stakeholder Solution Stage

Preparation of documents and drafts

Sep 2010

Preparation of a Scope Decision Document

Dec 2010- Feb 2011

Environmental Impact Assessment

Independent Environmental assessment of the construction site

March 2018- July 2018

Quality Planning process and development of documentations

July 2018-September 2018

Publishing of findings and start of a 60 day comment period

September 2018-November 2018

Publication of final decision records and adequacy determination

November 2018- February 2019

National mitigation Consent

Acknowledging the perception of American people towards construction of museum for African American history

February 2019- April 2019

Construction Phase

Construction

Not later than 2022

Completion of project and arrangement of historical materials

No later than January 2022

1.6 Dependencies

External and internal dependencies are the existing relations between a preceding and a succeeding task. Internally, the project will rely on the availability of African historical information and materials to be displayed in the implementation phase. Also, internal factors include appreciation of construction of the National Museum of African American history and culture for it to achieve its set goals. The positive impact of constructing a national museum is to help store artifacts that can be used by future generations in understanding the history of existence of Africans in the United States. The exhibitions will assist people acquire information on the achievement of African for the states therefore appreciating their presence and embracing variety of cultures (Library si. Edu. 2018, n.p). Also, the truth of information on the African cultural activities will be effective in reduction of racial discrimination. Externally, the project base on the availability of project funds and proper design of the building. The opinion of the American society on the development of the national museum is the primary external factor likely to affect the project.

Cost and Budget Management

The budget of any project is essential for proper planning and completion of the project without further expenses being incurred. For effective control of the operation of projects in business, it is necessary to plan for the budget and acquire funds before starting the process. It is essential for the management team to pay full attention to the practical utility of the budget to meet the entire project’s scope. The total project cost and budget is approximately 385 million US dollars. The following is the approximated budget.

Description

Current Project Estimates

Recommended total Project Estimate (risks inclusive)

2018 Base

$ 385 Million

$ 395 Million

2020 Construction

$ 400 Million

Quality Management

To ensure achievement of quality management in a project, all the relevant construction implementation teams have to be involved. The project manager will be responsible for ensuring all processes and documents conform to the plan. Besides, quality specialists and the rest of the project team will work in hand with the project manager to develop management plans and establishment of quality standards (Schwalbe 2013, p. 190). The proposed national museum involves cooperation and full control of the project team for achievement of quality designing and utilization of the building.

Human Resource Management

Human resource management is essential in business for effective allocation of tasks depending on the management hierarchy. Similar to business operations, developing of infrastructures comes along with appointment of tasks to various experts (Saladis and kerzner 2013, p. 7). Therefore, the project manager must be in a position to control the activities of every team member to ensure objectives are achieved within a given timeframe. Construction of national museum will involve purchase, transport and delivery of construction variables as well as the collected historical and scientific materials.  The project proponent will ensure management of all people involved in the construction and implementation phases.

Communication Management

Communications management in a project context serves the purposes of conveying the project objectives from the executive to the implementation teams alongside the emergent changes (Wysocki 2013, n.p). The projects will have both internal and external communication processes. In the internal context, biweekly conferences, weekly project meetings and quarterly updates will be the source of communicating project progress. Besides, external communications will be coordinated by the Public Affairs Team and press releases.

1.7 Communication Matrix

Table 2: Shows communication matrix of the PMP

Communication Type

Messages

Frequency

Communicators

Feedback Mechanisms

Biweekly Conferences

Summary of the project’s status

Weekly

Sponsor

Stakeholders

Emails

Project team meetings

Review of action registers

Weekly

Coordinating Team

Oversight team

Meetings

Emails

Press releases

Communicating project progress to the public

Monthly

Public Affairs Team

National Newspapers

Risk management

Risk is the likelihood of occurrence of an event. Establishment and construction involves many risks to the people in the construction site. Apart from that, implementation of a propose project may consist of risks to the people using the developed building. While risk management plays an important role of identifying potential risks to a project, its effectiveness is only measured by establishing effective control to mitigate such risks (De Bakker 2010, p.496). A methodical strategy that identifies and ranks risk will be adopted by the project team. High impact risks will be mitigated first and status updates provided to all implementation teams. Upon project completion, a review of the risk management process will be done to determine necessary improvements for future projects.

The risk log is provided in the appendices.

Issue Management

Issues can have negative impacts on the general success of a project unless they are adequately resolved on time (Schwalbe 2013, p.194). In the event that issues arise in the project, the execution team will determine if the issue’s gravity warrants a reporting to the project manager. The manager, in consultation with the coordination and oversight teams will decide if the issue deserves the attention of the project sponsors and general stakeholders. If so, the arising issues will be resolved in consultation with all teams. Some of the possible issues to look out for are design and raw material concerns.

Procurement Management

Procurement Management Plans must be well defined to clearly identify the necessary procedures and responsibilities for procurement during the project (Papke-shields et al. 2010, p.650). The procurement process for national Museum Of African American History and Culture will involve two processes. Request for qualification will give the project’s scope, shortlist criteria, requirements for construction/design and estimated project costs. Evaluation will be conducted to determine the most qualified bidders who will then submit documents, specific project requirements, applicable standards and reference information documents. The proposal evaluation team will award contracts to the lowest responsive bidder to deliver the project.

Compliance Management

Compliance is not only vital in providing project oversights but provides guidance on conforming to laws, policies, standards, regulations and requirements. For successful completion of a project, the project must comply with the laws of a country (Humphreys 2008, p.248). Establishment of a National Museum building will involve compliance with the United States rules related to infrastructural development. This includes the laws that protect the environment and society in Environmental and Social Impact Assessment, restriction of development of new infrastructures among other relevant laws. The project proponent will ensure the project activities agree to the laws of the government.

REFERENCES

ArchDaily. (2018).Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture / Freelon Adjaye Bond/SmithGroup. [online] Available at: https://www.archdaily.com/794203/smithsonian-national-museum-of-african-american-history-and-culture-adjaye-associates [Accessed 20 Jun. 2018].

De Bakker, K., Boonstra, A. and Wortmann, H. (2010). Does risk management contribute to IT project success? A meta-analysis of empirical evidence. International Journal of Project Management, 28(5), pp.493-503.

Humphreys, E. (2008). Information security management standards: Compliance, governance and risk management. Information Security Technical Report, 13(4), pp.247-255.

Library.si.edu. (2018). National Museum of African American History & Culture Library and Archives. [online] Available at: https://library.si.edu/libraries/african-american-history-and-culture [Accessed 20 Jun. 2018].

Meredith, J. and Mantel, S. (2011). Project management: a managerial approach. Chichester: Wiley.

Papke-Shields, K., Beise, C. and Quan, J. (2010). Do project managers practice what they preach, and does it matter to project success? International Journal of Project Management, 28(7), pp.650-662.

Reviews, C. (2013). Studyguide for an introduction to project management by schwalbe, kathy. [Place of publication not identified]: Cram101 Incorporated, pp.183 - 220.

Saladis, F., Learning, I. and Kerzner, H. (2013). What executives need to know about project management. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Salah, S., Rahim, A. and Carretero, J. (2010). The integration of Six Sigma and lean management. International Journal of Lean Six Sigma, 1(3), pp.249-274.

Shelly, B., Robert, F. and Eric, N. (2008). Applying work breakdown structure to project lifecycle. [online] Pmi.org. Available at: https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/applying-work-breakdown-structure-project-lifecycle-6979 [Accessed 20 Jun. 2018].

Wysocki, R. (2013). Effective project management - 7th Edition. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Appendices

Appendix A: project Management Approval

The undersigned acknowledge they have reviewed the Luther King Bridge Crossing Project Management Plan and agree with the approach it presents. Changes to this Project Management Plan will be coordinated with and approved by the undersigned or their designated representatives.

Signature:

Date:

Print Name:

(Student’s Name)

Title:

Project Sponsor

Role:

Project Owner

Signature:

Date:

Print Name:

Title:

Project Manager

Role:

Management Representative

Appendix B: References

Document Name and Version

Description

Location

Development Manual

The manual outlines development procedures, rules and guidelines, procurement rules and regulations.

https://washington.org/visit-dc/guide-to-smithsonian-national-museum-african-american-history-culture

Appendix C: Key Terms

Term

Definition

Project Management Plan

A document that defines the path a project takes in relation to execution, monitoring and control.

Project Risk Management

The process of outlining project risks that must be exhaustively analyzed, hence the implementation of required strategies to respond to those risks throughout a project’s lifespan and in the best interests of its objectives

Risk

The likelihood of an event to occur

Appendix D: Risk Log

Risk Id.

Risk Description

Likelihood of occurrence

Mitigation Plan

Impact

1

Misunderstanding of project requirements by society

High

Clarifying on the importance of the project

Failure to achieve project objectives

2

Management overload

Medium

Frequent communication Of responsibilities with the project team

Slowed project work time

Overstretched schedules

3

Stakeholder conflicts

Medium

Determination of stakeholder’s core points of interest

Improper management and task control by stakeholders